The Enchanted World: Spells & Bindings

 Time once again to return to the Time-LIFE series, The Enchanted World, and once again we deal with the topic of magic, in Spells and Bindings. 

Spells and Bindings

by Ellen Galford and Time-LIFE editors, 1985 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452413, 0809452421 (US Editions)

Here we are treated to tales of magic, in particular spells cast that usually go awry.

Chapter One: Double-Edged Power

This chapter opens with one (of the thousands it seems) of the Celtic tales of star-crossed, ill-fated lovers. In this case, the tale of Tristan and Isolt (in this version, lots of variations of spellings). Here, a miscast spell, in the form of enchanted fairy wine, causes the two to fall in love and break their oaths to their sworn leaders. 

The Greeks treat us to the tale of Pygmalion and his statue, Galatea, though that name is not used here. His tale is compared to others of the ancient Egyptians, the Celts, and the French. I am reminded of the A. Merritt's tale "Burn, Witch, Burn" in which the protagonist, Dr. Lowell, discusses similar tales of human-like inanimate objects coming to life. 

If there is a message so far, it is that magic has a price. 

This moves on to magical items. Like the Banner of MacLeod, used to summon up a horde to help them in times of war, or the cloak and hood of Finn MacCumal, which could change him into a stag or hound as he needed. And going further afield, the magic carpet. 

We end this section with the tale of Rhiannon and her lost child. 

Ancient Metamorphoses briefly covers tales of magical transformations. 

Chapter Two: Webs of Enchantment

Here, we get into the recurring theme of the series: that in a time before Christianity, there was more magic in the world and the coming of Christianity caused the old magic to disappear. Nowhere was that more obvious than in the British Isles. We learn about the Tuatha Dé Danann, the magical races of Ireland, and their connection to the Children of Lir. Lir was a chieftain and his wife Aeb bore him two sets of twins before she died. Grieving he sent for her sister, Aoife, to be his new wife and mother to her niece and nephews. Aoife however, never took to the children and one day took them to a lake to kill them. The children instead became swans for 300 years. Once the spell was broken, they aged to 300 instantly. 

The Tale of the Golem is also covered briefly as another magical creation. And Pandora ("all the gifts") was given to men by Zeus in another act of magical creation. 

In tales of transformation, we have the half-faerie Gerald, Earl of Desmond, who could transform into an animal. But his wife witnessed his transformation and called out in shock, cursing him to remain this way forever. More tales of Irish hero Finn MacCool (who seems to have enough tales for three heroes, really), though in this case, he was only part of the tale of Iollan, who left his faerie wife for a mortal woman. The faerie cursed them both, making Iollan a man who hated dogs and his wife into a hound. 

The tale of the Piper of Hameln is recounted with his magical pipes and warning to pay your debts. 

An Embowered Sleep is another tale of Sleeping Beauty. 

Chapter Three: Deliverance from Magic's Coils

Magical curses fill this chapter, starting with the Welsh tale of the Princess and the Frog. In this telling, the Princess doesn't kiss the frog, but must satisfy three tasks of the curse, including cutting off the frog's head to release the Prince. 

Staying in Wales, we get the tale of Sir Gawain and his son Gingalin sent to rescue a town from the fierce clutch of a dragon, only to discover the dragon was in fact a transformed Queen.

We cross the Channel to Paris and the tale of Bluebeard and his bride. Or, more to the point, his brides in death. And we are treated to one of the Ur-tales magical transformations and love with Eros and Psyche. 

In another tale of Sir Gawain, Arthur makes a deal with a lone knight in the woods that leads to a series of events in which an ugly woman, Dame Ragnell, is brought to his court. She chooses Sir Gawain as her betrothed and Gawain, who is known as the most curteous of knights, accepts. In doing so her curse is broken and she is one of the most beautiful women in the court.   

A Spell-Shackled Devotion is a similar tale and told next, again involving Finn MacCool and his follower Diarmuid. Diarmuid is betrothed to an ugly hag, but because he treats her with kindness, she is revealed to truly be a beautiful woman of faerie blood. But like Eros and Psyche, that is only the start of his trials to defend her life and love. Once Diarmuid finally completes all his quests to return health and life to his bride, he learns that because she is Sihde, she can't remain with him. Was he in love, or was it her magic that compelled him to love and thus heal her and break her curse? 

The message is clear. Magic is not something you want to mess with, and even happy endings are measured with a bit of sadness or betrayal.

These are many of the tales of our literary canon. Foundational to many of the myths and legends and modern tales we still have today. Even now, I look over the things I am working on and see these tales pop up almost unbidden. Do I see Eros and Psyche in my own Andy and Rowan? Yes, because there is an adversity there from their families. And like Eros (Cupid in the first tale I read of them) and Psyche, they do get the happy ending. 

Of course, unless my players get them killed in the next session.

The tale of Eros and Psyche had a strong effect on me and my own "D&D upbringing." I have mentioned many times that my "gateway drug" to D&D was D’Aulaire, I., & D’Aulaire, E. P. (1962). Book of Greek Myths. From there, I read other books of Greek myths, including one that had the tale of Cupid and Psyche. This was the same time I was learning and getting into D&D. Maybe I have always conflated the two. The idea that a character, through adversity, can obtain what their heart truly desires is a powerful one. And unlike my grim Celtic forefathers, I like to see true love prevail. Call me mushy or a sap or romantic or whatever. I like to see the characters "win." Since then I have go back to this story many times and have had different interpretations. There is a Freudian one that I think is rather fun, but beyond the scope here, but I STILL like to come to the conclusion that the ending is a happy one. 

If nothing else, that is something the Enchanted World series does really well. It takes these tales, sometimes very well-known tales, and lets me think about them in different ways. Sometimes it is the benefit of age, other times it is how the stories are arranged in conjunction with each other. I guess that is what makes them timeless, really. Their ability to be told and retold many times across the ages. 

The Enchanted World: Ghosts

Next to the Witches and Warlocks book, this was one of the ones I had read the most as a kid. I did not have access to a full set until the last few years, but this one always stuck out. A lot of the tales in this book found their (if you will excuse the pun) spiritual descendants in Ghosts of Albion. 

Ghosts

by Ellen Galford and Time-LIFE editors, 1984 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452162, 0809452170 (US Editions)

This volume is divided into four chapters dealing with death, the dead, and those who remain behind.

Chapter One: Guises of the Reaper

Ghosts are the reminders that life has an end, but we really don't know what that end is going to be like. So tales of ghosts, and tales of the Grim Reaper, abound. It always seems to come back to England and the British Isles for these tales. No surprise since these are the tales we are most familiar with. Here we learn of the Black Dog or Old Shuck, the Ankou, the Bean-Nighe, and banshees. Even innocent-looking animals like the raven and owl could be harbingers of death. 

We see similar manifestations in Germany where the Fetch becomes the Doppelgänger, and in the Middle East where the raven is called Abu Zájir or "The Father of Omens."

It should also be no surprise that quite a few of our myths and legends about ghosts and the dead come from the times of plague in Europe, where death was often given anthropomorphic form. 

Song of the Sorrowing Harp

A Scottish tale of jealousy of two sisters and the ghost that told of her murder.

Chapter Two: Invasions by the Angry Dead 

Death may take the souls of the dead, but they don't always stay quiet. Much like vampires (where the distinction is often blurred) the dead can come back. Here we encounter the utburd and the navky, two types of child ghosts that have haunted my own books and this blog for ages. 

We encounter poltergeists, the noisy ghosts, who might also be demonic. 

Demonic ghosts seem par for the course in Japan if "The Wife's Revenge" is any indication.

A Meeting on the Road Home 

A tale from Lancaster, but when re-told in modern times in America, it became the ghost girl that drivers would pick up. This one has a twist of the ghost keeping her head in a basket. 

Chapter Three: Shadow Plays of Grief and Pain

Ghosts are often doomed to repeat their deeds from their life in the afterlife. A forgotten battlefield in Scotland plays out it's bloody battle in ghostly form. Same with battlefields in Assyria, Troy, Wales, and the US Civil War.

But ghosts are not just attracted to battlefields, places of power where human sacrifice occurred were also popular among the dead. And of course haunted houses.

The Hooded Congregation

A Swedish woman rushes one cold morning to attend Christmas services, only to discover she share the service with a congregation of the dead.

Chapter Four: Hands Across the Void

The living and the dead can interact, and often the consequences are dire.  Here the dread art of necromancy is used and often the living soon join the dead. Others take great care to make sure the dead can't be rising or spoken too in their own sorts of necromantic arts. From Caesar to Vikings to Medieval Christians to 17th Century Cornwall, consulting the dead was a dread business. 

Glam's Tale

In this tale, the line between ghost and zombie is blurred as the dead return.

This one is still a fun read so many years later. I am surprised by how much of this wormed its way into my subconscious and took up a permanent haunt, as it were. 

The Enchanted World: Tales of Terror

Wow. Has it really been about a year since I did one of these? That is fairly inexcusable.  But it is October and tales of terror abound. So lets jump back into these. 

Tales of Terror

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1987 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452774, 0809452782  (US Editions)

This one moves away from the established format and gives us 13 chapters of tales. 

Chapter One: The Walking Dead of Brittany 

A tale of two lovers and an not-so-dead, dead man.

Brittany has always been a land caught between the Mortal realm and the Lands of the Dead, and this chapter dives right into the Ankou, the skeletal cart-driver of souls. The imagery is dripping with fog and grave dirt, and you can practically hear the creak of his wagon on the cobbled paths. As a first chapter, it sets the tone perfectly: folklore that is not quaint, but deeply unsettling. 

Chapter Two: An Implacable Army 

This short German tale begins with a mass-murder and ends with the invasion of an army of vengeful rats. I can't help but think of the movies "Willard," "Ben," and "Food of the Gods."

Chapter Three: In the Body of the Beast

This one’s all about possession, the unsettling idea of losing one’s body to another spirit or force. Unlike Hollywood exorcisms, the folkloric accounts here are more ambiguous: sometimes it’s a demon, sometimes a restless ancestor, sometimes something nameless. The takeaway is the horror of being a passenger in your own flesh.

Chapter Four: Harvest of Horrors

Iceland's horror tales are often as bleak as their landscape. Few things feel more old-world than the fear of crops failing or harvests being tainted. This chapter ties together famine, curses, and a time when the Old Gods still ruled. Reading it, I’m reminded that “horror” doesn’t have to be gothic castles, it can be watching your children starve because something inhuman blighted your barley.

Chapter Five: The Goblin's Guest 

Japan has some wonderful tales of terror and these goblins are not the mischievous faerie creatures of lore, nor are they even the dreadful orc-like creatures of Tolkien. These goblins are more akin to demons, and even having their heads cut off is not a stop to their evil. 

Chapter Six: An Unfinished Death

A dead husband seeks revenge on his widow after death, but a stranger intervenes.

Chapter Seven: Furies of the Far North

Cold lands and bitter winds bring tales of vengeful spirits who stalk the snow. The terror here, though, is not freezing to death, but the insatiable craving for human flesh due to starvation. 

This one treats us to the lore of the Angiak, monstrous children left to die in the cold and now craving their mother's flesh. 

Chapter Eight: Bloodguilt of a Royal House 

This chapter plunges into Greek tragedy at its rawest: the cursed House of Atreus and the cycle of blood that no god nor mortal could halt. We see Agamemnon sacrificing his daughter, Iphigenia, for favorable winds to Troy, and Clytemnestra’s smoldering hatred that blooms into bloody revenge. The narrative is lushly violent, brimming with betrayal, murder, and the grim reminder that no war ends when the armies return home.

As a horror tale, it’s less about ghosts and more about inevitability—the horror of family doom written in blood. For a gaming table, this is the blueprint of the “accursed bloodline” trope. A campaign built around such a house isn’t about who wins or loses, but whether anyone can break the curse before the next ax falls.

Chapter Nine: A Stormy Reckoning

The killing a seal is the beginning of tale of woe of Elias and his family. 

Chapter Ten: Bride of the Ghost-Chief

A promised bride to the Chief of the dead leads to a strange bargaining between two worlds. But unlike Persephone, the Bride had to stay in the land of Ghosts. When she breaks this contract, the land of the ghosts is forever sealed off from the land of the living. 

Chapter Eleven: The Kiss of Evil 

Seduction, corruption, and deals with devils. This chapter reads like the dark sibling to old fairy tales, where the kiss isn’t salvation but damnation. Folklore doesn’t shy from the sexual undertones here, and neither should horror gaming. There’s room for succubi, but also more subtle lures: the temptation of comfort in exchange for corruption. Here, an evil djinn tempts a man with riches and sex, only to lose everything. 

Chapter Twelve: Demons of the Dreamtime

The book goes global with Australian Aboriginal myths and monsters, exploring spirits of the Dreamtime that slip into nightmares. The imagery is stark and strange, very different from European hauntings, and it adds real weight to the “Enchanted World” premise. 

In a campaign, this is where planar adventures meet primal myth. Bring dream-demons into play when players think they’re safe at rest.

Chapter Thirteen: The Healer's Secret 

Death offers to become the Godmother to man's child. The father was given gold, and Death would return when the child turned 20. On his 20th birthday Death gives the man a plant that cures all ills, but conditions are given. Of course these conditions are broken and Death comes for his new bride. When he tries to rescue his Bride from the land of the dead, Death gives him the only gift she has. 

--

This one is less on the mythology or the ever present theme of the "Dying of the Enchanted World" and instead just gives us 13 (well 12 and so) stories of death and the spectre of dying. No surprise really, we are no closer today to understanding death or what happens after. 

Each one can act as inspiration for an adventure or side-quest. 

The Enchanted World: Night Creatures

 I wanted to have more of these done by now, but I fell out of the habit and it became easier not to do them. Well, how about I restart them. 

There are three books in the Enchanted World series that would be good for Halloween, but given my October Horror Movie Challenge is all about the monsters of my youth, this one is the most appropriate. 

Night Creatures

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1985 (141 pages) 
ISBN 0809452332, 0809452340  (US Editions)

This one is also divided into four chapters. 

Chapter One: Perilous Paths through the Dark

We start out with a tale of Beowulf and Grendel, though from the point of view of Grendel and how it roamed the lands of Denmark for countless years at night. I am struck by the similarities between Grendel and Gollum to be honest. It also make Grendel's Mother seem more like some sort of Hag as well. It has a similar description to the Black Annis featured later in this chapter. A connection I have often explored.

We switch to tales of Nyx, and vampire bats, Hecate, and other creatures of the night. This chapter covers all sorts of night creatures. There is even a bit on Trows, which would have been great to have back in 1985. 

A Reckoning with the Fianna's Ancient Bane is the story of a young Fionn MacCumhal slaying a shadow creature on Samhain.

Chapter Two: Visitations from the Realm of Shadow

These creatures are the returned dead and ones from beyond the world of mortals. Smoke like ghosts and spirits and other minor phantasms to returned corpses bent on murder. The Night Hag, or Nočnitsa, of Eastern Europe plagued children at night threating to eat them. Their favorite meal was new born babies. Similar creatures were found in Scotland. 

There was also the Dream Lover, the Mara, who prefered to feed on men. All these creatures though are harmless compared to the mother of demons, Lilith.  Though I don't think Lilith was ever a blonde.

Even young women had to fear the dead's return with dream lovers of their own coming back to claim them as their brides. 

Chapter Three: Blood Feasts of the Damned 

Vampires are found in the myths and tales of every culture.  Tales from Iraq, Greece, Germany, Scotland, the Ukraine,  and more are detailed. Along with the various guises of the vampire. 

As varied as the vampires are all over the world, so are the means in which to dispatch them. A stake in the heart for some, an iron stake in the forehead for others. Sunlight for most. 

All of these creatures seek the blood of the living and often, the blood of those they loved.

This vampire chapter might some of the most well known material in the series to be honest. 

Chapter Four: The Way of the Werebeast

It is possible that shape-shifting humans to animals are the oldest sorts of monsters we know. Far more ubiquitous than ghosts, night hags or even vampires, the lycanthrope or werebeast is know all over the world.

Werewolves seem to be the most feared of Europe, likely due to the fear of wolves. In other parts of the world where other large predators live we find other werebeasts. In Scandinavia warriors would don bear skins and fly into a rage. We get the word berserker from this meaning "bear shirt." Likewise men of the Volsung clan would do the same with wolf skins. There is a bit here about shamans, but I wanted more.

In Japan the tales were a little different with wise creatures taking on the form of humans, or at least human like. There were also women who could transform into foxes. 

I am a little surprised there wasn't a significant amount of text on some of the shape-shifting monsters of India. But when you share a chapter with werewolves, werebears, and fox-women, expect lower billing. If any at all. 

Many of these tales are well know to anyone who has played RPGs, especially any horror RPGs. But a few might be new. Still I find little tidbits of information here and there that are wonderful to have. I must investigate the nočnitsa some more, and I am certainly going to revisit my own take on Trows. 

One thing that gets lost in the vampire and werewolf love of the last two chapters is all the varieties of hags mentioned here. Grendel's mother, night hags, mara, Lilith. Just great stuff honestly. Again, I should go back and challenge my notions on my Lilim demons. 

I also noticed how much this book looked like a Ravenloft book from the AD&D 2nd Ed era. Could be coincidence, but at one point I had this sitting on my freezer to take pictures and I had to double take to make sure it was not my Realms of Terror book. Too bad they are such odd sizes. I would buy and extra one and put it on my shelf of Ravenloft books.

This reminds me I really need to get back to covering these books.

The Enchanted World: Magical Beasts

I love monsters. Monsters and mythology is what got me into Dungeons & Dragons to start with. Well, that and the fact that everyone in my school seemed to be playing it all at once. So, today's Enchanted World volume, 1985's Magical Beasts, is a rather nice treat for me. In a way, it was a major publisher that paid tribute to my hobby's roots.  While I have no concrete evidence that the Enchanted World series came about due to D&D's popularity, I am not ruling it out either. 

Magical Beasts

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1985 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452294, 0809452308 (US Editions)

This book is divided into the standard three sections, as with Wizards and Witches it is divided into larger chronological sections. 

Chapter One: Vestiges of the Elder Days

We begin back 40 centuries ago when humans were still primitive hunter-gatherers and how the monsters of our lives, the cave bear, the wolf, the large cat, were just animals that we were barely equal to. Monsters, it seems, go back as least as far as magic. This is not the first or last parallel this volume will have with the W&W book.

This chapter largely covers the creatures of ancient Greece and their mythology. We begin with the minotaur, though its conception is glossed over. The greek myths have quite a number of animal-human hybrids like the minotaur. Also discussed are the centaurs, both noble and savage, satyrs, and stranger creatures like the chimera. Thrown in are the maenads, who look human (are human), but can be as savage as any other monster. From Greece, we head to Egypt to discuss Set, Hours, Tawret, and other animal-hybrid gods. From here, we go on to Ireland and the Fomorians, described as animal-like, though they interact and inter-marry with the more noble Tuatha Dé Danann. The Tuatha defeat the Fomorians and their great ruler Balor of the Evil Eye. 

We make quick stops to talk about various dog headed humans, like the inhabitants of the islands of Andaman and Macumeran, whose locations are lost to time. 

In the sub-section, The Tale of the Monkey-God, we go to India and recount the tale of Hanuman, the Monkey King, and Ravana, the many-headed king of demons (Rakshasa). Humans and Monkeys joined forces to defeat the evil king.

Chapter Two: Riders of the Wind

Humankind has always looked to the sky and marveled at the flight of birds. So it is natural that there are so many flying creatures. From the legendary Pegasus, to China's Feng-huang, Japan's tengu, to the Roc, Griffins,  and the Harpies. This chapter hops (flys?) around the globe to give us tales and creatures from all over. Even the hubris of man is discussed in the tale of Daedalus and Icarus. 

An Enchanted Bestiary gives us a brief overview of some "lesser-known" creatures—lesser known if you weren't playing fantasy games in 1985, that is. 

Chapter Three: Paragon of Purity

Lastly, we get to the unicorn. Following the format of the other books in this series, they equate the death of the last unicorn with the death of magic in the world. But before we get to that the unicorn is discussed at great length. We even get coverage of related creatures like the Yale and the Japanese Ki-rin. And more distantly related creatures like the Mi'raj and Shadhavar.

A Peerless Mount for World-Conquering Alexander ends our talk on unicorns with a tale of the Macedonian King and his quest for a unicorn mount.

Reading this, I think they maybe could have made a book of Unicorns like they did for Dragons. 

This particular volume feels like an extended "Ecology Of..." article. Indeed, of all the ones I covered so far, this one might have the most actionable content for your Fantasy RPG. Especially if you want to add more details to some tried and true monsters.

There are only a few monsters here that will be new to anyone who has ever played D&D; this is still a great resource.  I *do* have more than a few of these new ones ready to go for Basic Bestiary, but I was still happy to see one or two that were still new to me.

The Enchanted World: The Secret Arts

 I was going to do this one last night, but since my A to Z was still going strong I thought today would be better. Plus, it helps me transition from last month's topic.

Magic is discussed a lot in the Enchanted World series and 1987's The Secret Arts is no different. Maybe because it is one of the last (second to last, really) entries, it does feel a little different.

The Secret Arts 

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1987 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452855, 0809452863  (US Editions)

Unlike the previous editions, this one is divided into seven chapters, each dedicated to a type of magical practice. 

Chapter One: The Power of the Word 

Magic scrolls, books and words are the tools of trade of these magic-users. We start with the papyri of Ancient Egypt, dedicated to the God Thoth the inventor of writing. We read tales of the mage Nefrekeptah and the lengths he went to gain the Book of Thoth. Even creating souless, deathless makins to travel under the Nile to dig up the vault where the book was held. Though all his efforts only lead to his ruin. In this early tale of magic, we learn there are "things man was not meant to know."

Our journey takes us to Renaissance Europe to Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim, better known more simply as Agrippa. His challenges were no less than Nefrekeptah's and the secrets he sought were too dangerous for him to take on other students. These tales are repeated throughout history as more would be mages sought out more powerful magic words.

Chapter Two: Decoding Destiny 

This chapter covers divination is all it varied means. Casting lots, shapes in smoke, palmistry, the entrails of animals, and the drug or poison-induced trances of oracles. One thing these all have in common, is the future was truly unknown and unknowable. 

We get into a bit of history about the Tarot and various "magic squares" where magic gives way to math. Which is pretty close to real magic. This leads us to the Number 13 and all its magical conontations. 

Chapter Three: Arcane Harmonies 

In the first book, Wizards and Witches,  we are introduced to the power wizard and singer Väinämöinen. He returns for this chapter on the magic of music. We see how old Väinämöinen makes his magical harp from the jaw bone of a giant pike. 

We see magic in other instruments, like the pipes of Pan and all sorts of harps. The lute of Celtic magicians/musicians. And we hear again about the violin-playing prowess of the Devil himself. Even the horns of ancient armies and the bells of churches are considered to be a type of magic. Each being used to ward off evil. Bells were used quite a bit, from the church bells to even small bells that were used to by the superstitious to ward off evil spirits, demons and faeries. 

Chapter Four: The Witch's Kitchen 

No mighty armies. No ancient wise wizards. This is the simple homespun magic of the Kitchen Witch. The symbolism of the witch over cauldron is almost as common as the witch on her broom. But not just witches stirred the cauldron, this is an image that goes back to Celtic myth and even before. What sorts of brew come out of those cauldrons? I suppose this is often why the ancient words for "Witch" and "Poisoner" were often confused. However, some of those potions did have a magic of sorts. 

It is often believed that many of the balms, potions, poultices, and ointments had a mild (or strong in some cases) psychotropic effect. Could images of faeries, demons, ghosts and the like be more akin to an LSD trip? Seems likely. 

Chapter Five: Lapidary Lore 

The power of stones and crystals is so pervasive that even Dr. Jung talked about it as a universal symbol. Stones harder than diamonds, metals with associations to the various heavenly bodies, and healing stones were common everywhere. Not to mention all the attention given by alchemists to transmute a base metal to gold, considered to be pure and nearly divine. This transmutation was symbolic, if it could be done then the transmutation of our "base metal" to something "divine" could also be achieved. 

Chapter Six: Mirrors and Metals 

Continuing the themes of metals, this one deals more with reflective surfaces. Though there is a good bit on how swords could, via the metal worked by the blacksmith, take on personalities of their own.

Chapter Seven: A Magician's Arsenal 

Less weapons, and more tools of the trade. Books, herbs, and stones have been mentioned already. This includes how magic wands are made, or divining rods, or fetishes. Magical staffs held by kings and wizards alike are mentioned.

This one has a lot going on in it. There is a feel of "this is the end of the series and we have all this stuff left over" but it is still fun read. I enjoyed the bit on magical swords gaining personality and had never really thought about where that idea came from in myths. 

Next time: We celebrate My Mom for Mother's Day and what she has contributed to my blog!

The Enchanted World: Dragons

 It has been a month since I have done one of these. My plan was NOT to do one during April with the whole A to Z thing, but today is St. George's Day and he rather famously killed a dragon. It is also still year of the Dragon and the 50th Anniversary of Dungeons & Dragons, so my choice was made for me.

This is also the second book in the series, after Wizards and Witches.

Dragons

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1984 (144 pages) 
ISBN 0809452081, 080945209X (US Editions)

While I have mentioned the Eurocentrism of the other volumes, this one does a good job of presenting both European and Eastern dragons. It also has a bit of others from around the world. 

Chapter One: Chaos Incarnate

This covers the early tales of dragons, not just in medieval European myth but also the ancient tales of dragons like Apep, Tiamat, and the various monsters of Ancient Greece.  One of the things this chapter hits home is the dragon as a force of chaos and nature. In the case of many, like Tiamat, the dragon is a destructive force.  This is one (of the many) reasons why I always have Tiamat in my game as Chaotic Evil rather than Lawful Evil. Tiamat is even called the "Enemy of Order" and her myths are referred too as Chaoskampf. 

We hear tales of the Midgard Serpent and the dragon Nidhoggr, which gnaws on the roots of the World Tree.  These are not the dragons for mortals to deal with, but the domain of the gods. There were heroes that fought these creatures, but they were often demi-gods themselves. Like the tale of Cadmus who fought a dragon and built the city of Thebes where the dragon had once ruled. The dragon was cast into the sky to become the constellation Draco. 

We even get some Indian myths of Sesha, also known as Ananta the Endless, a multiheaded serpent that wrapped around the world. 

This chapter also has a wonderful Field Guide to Dragons. A visual guide to help you tell the differences between the amphiptère, the wyvern, the heraldic dragon, the lindworm or lindorm, and the snake-like guiver. It also has some habitats.

Chapter Two: Glittering Gods of the East

This chapter takes us East, mostly to China and Japan, where dragons had a very different role. They were spirits of the weather, air, and water. They were considered divine and had a place in a very ordered universe. Though not all were benevolent. They were still prideful creatures and could be offended. So offerings were made for rain, or even to keep destruction at bay.

In any part of the world, an angry dragon was terrible to behold.

We learn that these dragons fly not due to their wings, but the magic crests on their foreheads and many are the descendants to water snakes. Or maybe there are water snakes that are in fact baby dragons. 

These dragons are incredibly long-lived. It spends 1,000 years in its snake form, where it will grow feet and an elongated head with a beard. After 500 years in this form, it will grow antlers. After 3,000 years, it will reach its final form with a branch-like protrusions from its body. The oldest dragon is the Dragon King and it is 1000-feet long. 

Chapter Three: The Serpent Ascendant 

As with many of these books, there is a chapter that focuses on the Medieval era, which is where we get many of the tales we know today. This is that chapter.  

Since our focus is mostly on Medieval Europe, we often link the Dragon to the Devil. This is in keeping with the notion held in Medieval times that the dragon was the bringer of disease, famine, and ruin. This chapter also has a great map of Europe showing where various dragons were spotted and when.

The section on Maidens and Dragons is great and discusses the complex relationship women and dragons had in these tales. There is the sorceress Marina and her pet dragon, the French Le Succubé (The Succubus) who rode a dragon, and the many maidens kidnapped by dragons. There is even the tale of Margaret of Bamburgh who was transformed into a dragon.

We even get a tale of the Tarasque who could not stand up to a Saint and her faith. 

Chapter Four: Rise of the Dragonslayer

It is St. George's day today, so only fitting we open up with the tale of St. George in this chapter. Maybe to most storied dragon slayer after Sigurd, who we also talk about later on in this chapter. 

We get a nice mix of dragon slayers from all over Europe and some of Asia. All usually have to deal with how pure and virtuous the would-be slayer needs to be. Often their reward was a maiden of equal purity and virtue. 

Even though this book is the same size as the others, it feels like a lot more is packed into it.

While many of these tales are known to us all (and that is the point) there are enough details here to still educate and entertain. This one is certainly a must read for any Fantasy RPG and in particular Dungeons & Dragons. I also see a lot of value here for players of more "serious" medieval fantasy games like Pendragon or Chivalry & Sorcerer. Even Dark Age Mage players can benefit.

Next time: We celebrate Walpurgis Night!

The Enchanted World: Fairies and Elves

Today is the Spring Equinox, an in-between time of light and dark, winter and summer—the perfect time to talk about Fairies and Elves. My reading of this has already been fruitful, with two more monsters added to my Basic Bestiary: the Trollkönig and Rübezahl. I am sure there are more to come. Many of the Faerie Lords you will find in my Basic Bestiary can also be found here, in one form or another. So let's get into it.

Fairies and Elves

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1984 (144 pages) 
ISBN 080945212X, 0809452138 (US Editions)

There is a certain Euro-centrism to this book and that is to be expected, though there are plenty of creatures that are similar to Elves and Fairies around the world. This gets better with other books and we saw this in the Wizards and Witches and the Lore of Love books.

Like all the books, this one is hardcover with canvas-like covering (this time green) illustrated by John Atkinson Grimshaw.  This volume has four chapters. Also like all the books this one is lavishly illustrated with both new and classical pieces. 

Chapter One: Lands Behind Enchantment's Veil

We are introduced to the worlds of the faeries and their myriad of names; the Daoine Side, the Tylwth Teg, and the Tuatha Dé Danann. Sometimes, they are also divided into camps of light and dark, like the Seelie and Unseelie or Liosálfar and Döckálfar. And all have multiple spellings. But all are immortal, or nearly so, and are members of a world long since gone by the time humans, or at least Christian humans, enter their lands.  But for a time, a brief time the Fair Folk and humans could live side by side and these tales would enter into the legends of a later time. 

Here, the fairies were more similar to humankind, with an air of regalness and otherworldliness, and of course, there were tales of their magic. One how the mere touch of the Queen of the Seelie court cured a young knight of his curse. Other tales on how trees would spring magical fruit or fountains of ale and wine. 

Some lived on the land, but many lived under it or even under the sea like the chieftan O'Donoghue. These lands, regardless of where they were had the same otherworldliness about them. 

A World in Miniature 

The great peoples of the fairies reduced in nature and size, so when the lands they had lived in were settled, it was believed that they had shrunk and were living, somewhat literally, under our noses. 

Chapter Two: Guardians of Field and Forest 

Here, many different types of fairies are discussed, and we move further afield than just Northern Europe. We meet the changeable Leshy, who could grow from diminutive size to that of a giant. Sylphs, some as small as mice, would flit about in the air. Hobgoblins like Robin Goodfellow, also known as Puck, were tricksters, but others like Churn-milk Peg were malicious. Willow fairies from Czech legends were as common as German wood nymphs and the mountains of Rübezahl.  Nearly every type of natural setting had a multitude of faeries of all shapes, sizes, and dispositions. 

And that was the problem. Wander too far off into a fairies' home territory and one ran the risk of becoming lost and not finding their way home for years, if ever.

Not all faeries were human in appearance, either. The Kelpie was an underwater horse that drank the blood of swimmers, for example. 

Others fit a theme. Russia's Father Frost was the lord of Winter, except in Denmark where that role was taken by the Snow Queen, and in Scotland it was the dreaded one-eyed hag, the Cailleac Bheur that ruled over winter and the cold. 

All faeires were considered to be part of and guardian of their locales or area. From the dread three Faerie Lords and Ladies of Winter mentioned above to the tine Brown Man, who was content just to protect one small house.

The Myrtle Tree's Sweet Tenant

This is the tale of a dryad of the Myrtle tree and her love of a human prince, and the women who were jealous of her and the extent they would go. To match with the theme the tree from which the dryad came from was in the prince's palace courtyard. She would come to the young prince at night for lovemaking and disappear before sunrise.  This infuriated the women he had been pledged too and must choose among them a wife. They stripped the leaves from her tree and broke of branches.  Out came the dryad and the women turned on her, stabbing her and breaking her bones. The prince distraught, gathered the bark, the leaves, and the bones and tried to fix the myrtle tree, but could not. He stayed in his chambers, distraught. The rains came and new tree grew and when it had bloomed, the dryad stepped out again. The Prince married her and cast his former mistresses into his dungeons.

Chapter Three: Of Fairy Raids and Mortal Missteps

The last chapter had a happy ending, but that was not always the case when it came to fairy and human interaction. Princesses were abducted by fairy kings. Faerie maidens seduced otherwise virtuous knights, and faeries of all sorts made sport with the poor wives and daughters of locals. Sometimes though the mortals were the ones looking for trouble, stepping into faerie rings to become lost or seeking out their feasts, or, as in the case of the infamous Goblin Market, find their wares. 

Faeries were notorious for stealing children, leaving ugly, mal-formed changelings in their place. Sometimes the babes could be found and rescued, other times, most times, they could not.  

Tam Lin 

It wasn't always the maidens that had to fear from the intentions of faeries, often mortal men were the target. Such was the case of Tam Lin the son of the Earl of Roxburgh. He had caught the eye of the Fairy Queen. He would have been lost forever had it not been for the courage, strength, and love of a mortal woman named Janet, who was able to turn Tam Lin away from the Fairy Queen. 

Chapter Four: The Heart's Far-Carrying Call 

Love between a mortal and faerie was never an easy path to take. Swan maidens could love a mortal, but only if the mortal hid their feather cloaks from them. Lamias craved the love mortal men, but equal craved the flesh of their children. Tales abound that if a mortal man ever struck his fairy bride she would leave him forever; maybe good advice for mortal brides as well!

Though not all tales ended bad, but all had a common theme; the road to true love is a hard one. We saw that in Lore of Love as well. Such is the next tale.

Trials of a Charmed Passion 

Sir Launfal was a knight in King Arthur's court. By chance, one night, he spied a fairy lady of such beauty that all thoughts of mortal women left him. She also saw him and would visit him whenever he wished for her by name, Tryamour. The Queen, though, became jealous and asked him who it was that had given him so much happiness. He then insulted his Queen by saying she was not as beautiful as the fairy lady's lowest handmaiden. An insult, of course, and one that nearly got him burnt at the stake. But Tryamour comes to the court, and all agree that there is no way that Sir Launfal is lying or insulting. They ride off together, leaving the mortal world.

Again, like Wizards and Witches, the theme here is that once there was magic in the old world, but now it is gone. Though that theme is less overt here and more of a given. Faeries, creatures of magic, were once part of this world and now they are not.

Again the stories tend to bleed into each other and there is the feeling of half being told a story and half reading a factual account of things that had happened. The effect is an engrossing one. 

It reflects what I have felt games like D&D have been missing. While yes, there is a Feywilde and lands of Faerie in many versions of the game, there is no real magic to them, if you know what I mean. There is nothing about them that brings them to life. There are few, if any, Faerie Lords and Ladies, and no reasons for them to do what they do. This is a book I'll come back to for more ideas and certainly more names and ways to use them.

Next time: Here there be Dragons! (for real this time)

The Enchanted World: The Lore of Love

 I saw an online conversation in an old-school RPG group a bit ago. This guy was boasting that his games never had romance, sexuality, or anything at all like that. My first thought was, "How sad," and my next immediate thought was, "How boring his games must be!"

Without the stories and contributions of love and romance or just plain good old-fashioned sex, we would loose most of the works of Shakespeare, many of the Greek myths, and practically all of modern music. Ancient Greeks to Motzart's Le nozze di Figaro and Così fan tutte, to "Silly love songs" by Paul McCartney to most of Taylor Swift's catalog. Love just might make the world go 'round.

That is the topic of today's The Enchanted World. I mentioned before that I am not going in publication order, save for the first, and instead going to post the titles that have some connection with when I post them. Today is February 14th, Valentine's Day, so let's look at Love...Enchanted World style. 

Lore of Love 

by Editors of Time-LIFE Books, 1987 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452812, 0809452820 (US Editions)

This is a later one and does not have a single author. Tony Allen is listed as "text editor" and Ellen Dupont is listed as "staff writer." Of note, in the US, the cover is purple. In the UK, this book had a green cloth cover. 

Like the others in this series the art is a mix of newer pieces with a lot of classical ones. There are for example a lot of John William Waterhouse. The bibliography for this one is also rather impressive. I imagine that as they went on there were a lot more texts collected that they could reference.

Like Wizards and Witches, this one is divided into three larger sections. These can be roughly described as "Finding Love," "Love Gone Wrong" and "Keeping Love."   That's not a perfect match, but it will do.

Chapter One: Destiny's Playthings

This covers love as a shaper of destiny. The six stories here involve the gods getting involved with the love lives of mortals to some degree.  "A Groom for the Sea-Lord's Daughter," for example, tells about the fairest sea nymph of all, Thetis, and how she spurred the lust of both Poseidon and then Zeus, only to be given to a mortal Peleus because it was prophesized that her son would defeat his father. As an aside I noticed that Thetis' requests of Peleus are very much the same as we see in later mermaid and selkie tales of Northern Europe. 

Tales of the problems when mortals try to avoid their fate abound as in "The God of Marriages" a Chinese tale of a man who sees his bride to be as a toddler and tries everything to avoid his fate, and just playing into it. Or the Indian tale of "A Love Forgotten" of two lovers reunited at last. 

Sometimes, love, though meant to be, is also tragic. Such is the tale of a German knight in "The Cursed Embrace" whose betrothed is already dead.

Chapter Two: Blighted Passions

The story of love is not always about happy endings. Romeo and Juliet aside, there was Popocatepetl and his love Princess Iztaccíhuatl. When an army could not stop Popocatepetl the Jaguar Knight, his own spread lies about his death so they could possibly claim his bride. When she heard her love had died she died herself. When the Jaguar Knight returned and learned of her death and why, he killed all his men.

Across the ocean in Spain we are treated to the story of Don Juan and his ill-fated affairs. Of the tragedies of Narcissus, Daphne, and Thisbe of Ancient Greece. 

Though not was all tragedy. There were times when love went wrong and it was comical. Such is the tale of the Warlock's Comeuppance. A warlock found a young women he wished to put a spell on, so he convinced his young Latin pupil to get three hairs from her head. The girl caught her brother trying to steal the hairs and instead gave him three hairs from their young heffer. The warlock performed his dark arts spell and soon had a lovesick cow following all over the town!

Chapter Three: True Love Triumphant

Of course the best tales are the ones where true love wins out over all odds. Tales like Aucassin and Nicolette the Saracen Maid. They were separated by wars, pirates, and separation of years. Or of Hiku, the Polynesian hero who was so brave he went to the underworld itself to find his lost love Kawelu.  Can your characters claim that? (Yeah. Mine can.)

I am a little surprised that the tale of Cupid and Psyche is not here, but maybe that one is so well known they dropped it in favor of these other stories.

Like all the ones I have read through so far, this one is wonderfully illustrated and amazingly researched. Combining the bibliography for all of these would provide a lifetime's worth of reading.  

This one might have fewer "game-related" details than others, but there is undoubtedly a treasure trove of ideas here. 

Next time: There is a land beyond the veil

The Enchanted World: Wizards and Witches

 Let's start this series with the book that has the most meaning to me and the first one in the series: Wizards and Witches. Fitting for Imbolc on Thursday really.

Overview of the Series

The Enchanted World books from Time-LIFE were a series of high-quality, hardcover books sent to you via mail from Time-LIFE subscription. The first one you got for free was Wizards and Witches. This also makes it the most common one and the one you can find in most secondary markets. Fortunately for me, it was also my favorite.  

Imagine, if you can, a time when one of the world's largest publishers decided to invest in a series of books (21 in total) filled with full-color art, cloth-bound covers, and access to some of the world's greatest libraries and scholars. Libraries like the Bodleian Library at Oxford, Cambridge Library, and the London Library. Scholars like Prof. Tristram Potter Coffin (Chief Series Consultant),  Ellen Phillips (Series Director and Editor), and Prog. Brendan Lehane (author of this volume).

Well, that time was 40 years ago, and the Enchanted World series sought to capitalize on the growing fascination with all things fantasy, not in a small part due to the popularity of Dungeons & Dragons.

Over the years, I have seen a lot of collections of other folks' RPG books. It is no surprise when you see one or more of these books stuck in their mix of FRPGs.

Many of the books follow a similar pattern. Usually, 3-4 chapters of the book detail different aspects of the myths and folklore being covered. These are usually interspersed with some of the stories themselves or excerpts, as well as art. The art is often from classical sources or paintings depicting the stories or characters involved. There are also new pieces of art throughout. There are margin notes or marginalia with some other related tidbit of information. Each chapter ends with a longer story.

There is a bibliography, art credits, and some publication notes in the back.

These books were published around the world. Some of the European publications also had dust covers.

Wizards and Witches

by Brendan Lehane, 1984 (144 pages)
ISBN 0809452049, 0809452057 (US Editions)

This book is divided into three sections covering ancient wizards, wizards of the Middle Ages, and witches. There is quite a lot of art from Arthur Rackham here. 

Chapter One: Singers at the World's Dawn

Here, we begin with a tale of the old Finish wizard Väinämöinen and the young upstart Joukahainen in what could be considered a magical sing-off. The line between Bard and Wizard was very thin in ancient Finland. Thus it was when the world was young and youth could aspire to wizardry. We learn of other powerful names like Volga Vseslavich, Cathbad, Manannan Mac Lir, Taliesin, and, most well-known of all, Merlin. Not all were old men. Ceridwen, Circe, and Louhi were there too.

The thesis here is that in those olden days magic was something people could aspire too, but few could truly master. We get snippets of stories of all these wizards and sorceresses, each playing into the next. It is somewhere between a bedtime story and an undergraduate survey of various wizards. In between we get longer stories, like the "Wizard of Kiev" and "The Welsh Enchanter's Fosterling."  All cover magic in a semi-forgotten age that seems to have one foot in history and another in mythology.

Chapter Two: Masters of Forbidden Arts

If the last chapter dealt with magical using men and women as heroes as often as villains, then this chapter leaves no ambiguity on where it sees (or rather history sees) the wizard of the Middle Ages. Here the singing battles of Bard-Wizards are given way to the academic study of magic in dusty tomes of forgotten lore and those who sell their very soul for power. We encounter the likes of Roger Bacon (1219-1292), Oxford Scholar, Empirical Philosopher, Franciscan friar, and dabbler in magic. There is even a bit on Michel de Nostredame (1503-1566) aka Nostradamus. But for the most part we see magic going from a force of nature in a world where the rules are not yet set in stone, to men (for the most part) partaking in deals with demonic or devilish figures for power. All it takes is their soul.

We spend quite a bit of time on the legend of Faust and his deal with Mephistopheles. In fact, this one is so set into our vernacular that a "Faustian Deal" hardly needs any explanations. 

Given the time period, there is also a wonderful overview of the Tarot and its origins with some rather fantastic art. 

But most of all I loved the "Legions of the Night" section with its coverage of Demons. The descriptions of just the few here and the art by Louis Le Breton from the Dictionnaire Infernal by Collin de Plancy were enough to make me want even more strange demons in my game. More so since it featured Astaroth. A demon that already fascinated me from when I first saw him in Best of Dragon II.

Harry Clarke's illustrations of Mephistopheles should be how the devil appears all the time. 

Along with the Tarot, there is some coverage on astrology. This predates the Middle Ages by, well, thousands of years really, but there was new keen importance on it at this time. 

Chapter Three: The Shadowy Sisterhood

Ah. Here are my witches. We get some cover on what could be called Folk Magic or Hedge Witchery, on how these natural healers were initially an important part of everyday life. The magic was simpler and more in tune with nature.

Throughout this chapter, the "helpers" of witches are mentioned. We call them Familiars. Up first is the hare, which they claim (and back up) was closer to the witch than the black cat we associate with today. This reminds me that rabbits and hares should really feature more in my games. The others include spiders, ravens and crows, cats, snakes, and toads, which they claim as one of the first animals to be associated with witches. I have read that before as well.

As the chapter professes the old Black Magic vs. White Magic trope appears. While less in favor today among Real Witches^TM (remember the ads with Litney Burns?) it is an important distinction of the time. It is almost the same divide as the "Natural" vs. "Academic" wizards of the first two chapters, really. 

There are various stories, mostly about how someone was suspected of witchcraft and what happened. But also the machinations of witches in general. 

There is a section flight and witches and how brooms were not used at first, but rather things like butter churns and distaffs. I even added distaffs to my games in part because of this connection. 

Our story at the end of this chapter is a classic tale of Baba Yaga and Vasilsa the Fair. Again featuring amazing artwork, this time right from Vasilisa the Beautiful by Ivan Bilibin.

Use in FRPGs

With so many books out there, there is no end to the ideas they can generate. Upfront, it should be noted there is nothing "new" here. The stories, the folklore, and even a lot of the art are things we have all seen before. The stories of wizards like Väinämöinen, Merlin, Faust, and Circe should all be known to anyone who has a passing interest in fantasy and, indeed, to anyone who has played FRPGs. But that is not where their value lies. These books do have tidbits that the causal pursuer of these tales would not know, and maybe even some for the more advanced students.

To be sure, while there is academic rigor here, these are not textbooks. But they are educational.

Reading these tales one could use them as the basis for other characters. There is more than just a little bit of Taliesin in my own Phygora, for example. These tales, often set right on top of each other, can give the reader and player plenty of means of comparison. 

This book also makes good arguments for the separation between, say, Wizards, Warlocks, and Witches (as represented by the three chapters) but less of an argument on where bards fit in. Are Taliesin and Väinämöinen wizards or bards, for example? It is not up to this book to decide but rather the reader.

If you are playing a game like D&D that lives in a different world, then ideas abound. I mean we know Gygax, Arneson and the early designers of the game were very much into folklore and mythology. Those elements are the hook for more of these, beyond the Greek, Roman, and Norse myths we were all raised on.  Like any good synthesis, it should make you want to check out the primary stories these are all from.  If you are playing a Medieval game, say Chivalry & Sorcery or Pendragon, then this is practically a sourcebook for you. I would even say it is a must-have for a Mage: Dark Ages or Mage: Sorcerers Crusade game.

Witches

I can't let it go unsaid, even if it is obvious, but this book profoundly affected me when it was out. While I did not own my own copy until much later on, I had friends that had it. Since this was the first of the series, many people had it. The art in this book set the feel for how I wanted my Witch class books to look. I have since included the art of Arthur Rackham and the Pre-Raphelites in many of my books. This was one of the books that made me want a witch book for D&D. When none showed in the stores I took it on myself to make it. I do know that my first encounter with the "Black School" of the Scholomance was from this book.

While I can't say with any certainty other than the timeline, this book was likely a contributing factor to one of my favorite themes in games; Pagans vs. Christians and how magic would later be demonized by the Church.

This series is lovely, and each book, while filled with things I already knew, also has many things I did not. 

My only real complaint? At 12.25" x 9", they just don't fit nicely into a standard bookcase.

Next Time: What is love?